Optimize Layer Caching

Docker uses layer caching to speed up builds. The order of instructions affects caching efficiency.

• Copy Dependency Files First: Copy files that change less frequently (like package.json or requirements.txt) before copying the rest of the source code.

 COPY package.json .
  RUN npm install
  COPY . .

• Minimize Changes in Early Layers: Changes in early layers invalidate the cache for all subsequent layers.